QUARTER_PI
A number constant that's approximately 0.7854.
QUARTER_PI is one-fourth the value of the mathematical constant π. It's useful for many tasks that involve rotation and oscillation. For example, calling rotate(QUARTER_PI) rotates the coordinate system QUARTER_PI radians, which is an eighth turn (45˚).
Note: TWO_PI radians equals 360 degrees, PI radians equals 180 degrees, HALF_PI radians equals 90 degrees, and QUARTER_PI radians equals 45 degrees.
Examples

function setup()
size(100, 100)
background(200)
-- Draw an arc from 0 to QUARTER_PI.
arc(50, 50, 80, 80, 0, QUARTER_PI)
describe('A one-eighth slice of a circle drawn in white on a gray background.')
end

function setup()
size(100, 100)
background(200)
-- Translate the origin to the center.
translate(50, 50)
-- Draw a line.
line(0, 0, 40, 0)
-- Rotate an eighth turn.
rotate(QUARTER_PI)
-- Draw the same line, rotated.
line(0, 0, 40, 0)
describe('Two black lines that form a "V" opening towards the bottom-right corner of a gray square.')
end

function setup()
size(100, 100)
describe(
'A red circle and a blue circle oscillate from left to right on a gray background. The red circle appears to chase the blue circle.'
)
end
function draw()
background(200)
-- Translate the origin to the center.
translate(50, 50)
-- Calculate the x-coordinates.
local x1 = 40 * sin(frameCount * 0.05)
local x2 = 40 * sin(frameCount * 0.05 + QUARTER_PI)
-- Style the oscillators.
noStroke()
-- Draw the red oscillator.
fill(255, 0, 0)
circle(x1, 0, 20)
-- Draw the blue oscillator.
fill(0, 0, 255)
circle(x2, 0, 20)
end